Essential Tips For Public Speaking

Feeling some nervousness before giving a speech is natural and even beneficial, but too much nervousness can be detrimental.

This is some tips for someone who will do a public speaking in the future. First of all, we must know the materials that we want to present. It is important to decide the topic. Pick a topic you are interested in. Know more about it than you include in your speech. Use humor, personal stories and conversational language. It will help that you from easily forget what to say.

Besides that, practice and keep practice will improve our self confidence. Revise it often if necessary. In addition, you may practice with a timer and allow time for the unexpected. It will help you in managing your time on the real day. With know the audience, you may easier to speak to a group of friends than to strangers.

Moreover, you can try to visualize yourself giving your speech. Imagine yourself speaking, your voice loud, clear and confident. Visualize the audience clapping, it will boost your confidence. Furthermore, to succeed in public speaking, be relax. Begin by addressing the audience. It buys you time and calms your nerves. Pause, smile and count to three before saying anything. Transform your nervous energy into enthusiasm.

All of all, gain experience. Mainly, your speech should represent you. Then, as an authority and as a person. Experience builds confidence, which is the key to effective speaking!

MEGACITY

ANGKOR WAT-THE INCREDIBLE CREATURE

1.What is the 'Bayon' ?

The Bayon is a well-known and richly decorated Khmer temple at Angkor in Cambodia.

2.What is the 'Bayon' famous for ?

Bayon's most distinctive features is the multivate of serene and massive stone faces on many towers which jut out from the upper terrace and cluster around its central park.

3.Who was Chou Ta-Kuan ?

Chou Ta-Kuan is the Chinese official that was sent by his emperor on a reporting mission to the Kingdom of Khmer.


4.Who were the Khmer's enemy?

Khieu Samphan.

5.What is the main reason for the fall of the Khmer empire ?

Loss of water control.Khmer seem unwilling to work wholeheartedly for the king as they had previously did.

6.How did Angkor Wat survive ?

Angkor Wat survive by collecting water from rivers for agriculture as well as draining and reserving water from the monsoon season.Storing the water helped as the area only had two season.

7.Who built Angkor Wat ?

Angkor Wat is built by King Suryavarman II.

8.What does Angkor Wat mean ?

Angkor is a vernacular form of the word nokor which comes from the Sanskrit word nagara mean capital.Wat is the Khmer word for temple.So, Angkor Wat means 'City Temple'.

9.What contributed to the rise of Angkor ?

The monks who keeps visiting the temple as pilgrimage site

10.How did the Khmer cultivate rice ?

They built barays in which they store water for the use of cultivating rice.

11.What contributed to the fall of Angkor ?

External threats from neighbouring countries like Thailand had contributed to the fall of Angkor.

INDEGENOUS PEOPLE

INDEGENOUS PEOPLE IN MINDANAO

In Mindanao Philipines there are about 40 types of ethnics.Each group have different type of language and culture.Some of them can bequalified as a ‘tribal groups’.They still stay in tradisional way and it is different than the ancestors before.Each group of them stay on one of specific island.The most popular island that you can meet them are on Luzons,some of the Visayas Island and Mindanao


The T'boli and B'laan, two indigenous groups

There are all 18 diferent tribal group lived on Mindanao. The most well known are the T'boli and the B'laan (or "Bla-an"). The other groups are the Ata, Bagobo, Banwaon, Bukidnon, Dibabawon, Higaunon, Kalagan, Mamanwa, Mandaya, Mangguwangan, Manobo, Mansaka, Subanen, Tagakaolo, Teduray and the Ubo.

Lumad, the collective name

All the 18 ethnic group will be calling as Lumad,that is the collective noun for all of them.It is also another name ‘indegenous’. These ethnic groups distinguish themselves by their language and culture.


Old and new elements in their life

The most valuable culture of this group is in their clothes and ornaments they wear. Housing.economic activities,cultural habits and often religion are all still in tradisional.Some of the ethnic here have learned how to get extra money by the tourism activities.However,yet they still like to live in the tradisional way.

The T'boli and their subsistence activities

The T’boli (Tiboli)people live in the southern part of the province Cotabata,in the environment around lake Sibu,west of the city in the General Santos.It is about 100000 and 150000 T’boli there.A long time ago,T’boli practiced the primitive agriculture “slash and burn”.”Slash and burn” means that all the forest will be clear by cutting the big trees and burning the lower and smaller trees and bushes,after which they use the cleared plots as arable land for some years without any fertilization. Rice, cassava, and yams, were the most important agriculture products. Beside that, the people went hunting or fishing for additional food.There are so many years that this primitive agriculture is no longer possible.The forest is no longer exist because the intensive economic activities like foresting.As a result,the T’boli live in the mountains.Some foreigners,in coorperation with the aid organization Cord Aid, manage to developing some hectares of arable land in the few years .Nevertheless,the T’boli live in poor situation; a struggle for live.

Religion and culture

Some of the T’boli are Christian and Islamite.But most of the T’boli still has their animistic religion. They were were hardly influenced by the spread of the Islam on the island. The Christianize also not succeed to spread during the colonization of The Spaniards.Main reason was that the T’boli withdrew to the hinterlands in the uplands.The T’boli and some of the tribal indigenous like Higaunon,still believe the spirits live in the natural environment

Threats to their way of living

Last decades there are threats of land problems. The steady population growth of their own people and especially the pressure on the lands by lowland farmers and foreign and local companies. The lowland farmers (often landless) are seeking for arable land. The companies are most of the time interested in the natural resources in these areas. Mining, new plantations and logging, are the threats to the T'boli and their homeland.

How Do They Do It??

Glassblowing is glassforming technique. A person who blows glass is called a glassblower, glassmith or gaffer. They using blowpipe or blow tube to blow the glass. Free-blowing is one of the technique of glassblowing. The process of free-blowing involves the blowing of short puffs of air into a molten portion of glass which is gathered at one end of the blowpipe.

The glassworker then quickly inflate the molten glass into a desired shape. Skilled workers are capable of shaping almost any vessel forms by rotating the pipe, swinging it and controlling the temperature of the piece while they blow. They can produce a great variety of glass objects, ranging from drinking cups to window glass.

History..

Glassblowing is a glass forming technique which was invented by the Phoenicians at approximately 50 B.C. somewhere along the Syro-Palestinian coast. The earliest evidence of glassblowing comes from a collection of waste from a glass workshop, including fragments of glass tubes, glass rods and tiny blown bottles, which was dumped in a mikvah, a ritual bath in the Jewish Quarter of Old City of Jerusalem dated from 37 to 4 B.C.

In conclusion, glassblowing is the art that not everyone can do it. It needs skills and full commitment to produce it.

MEDIA

How To Become A Model

Modelling can be fun, exciting, and adventurous. Be sure to maintain realistic expectations because the chances of becoming a successful or famous model are less.There are few steps to become a model.

Step 1

You have to consider your physical characteristics first:You should 5-foot-7 or taller. You should wear a size 4 to 6, and you should have a 32- to 35-inch bust, a 22- to 25-inch waist, and 33- to 36-inch hips.

Step 2
Work on having clear skin, healthy hair and straight teeth.Models must look attractive and that cannot be denied.

Step 3
Consider your mental attitude: You should be ambitious, confident, organized, willing to travel or move to foreign cities, able to spend and invest wisely and able to take rejection.

Step 4
You can visit local modeling agencies to find an agent that willing to help you build a portfolio.

Step 5
Go to any castings with your portfolio in hand to win potential clients and get modeling jobs.

Step 6
You have to be prompt and professional. Exhibit the confidence that you will use to sell products.

Step 7
Be prepared. When you attend your appointment, they might ask you to make certain faces like laughing, happy, sad or seductive. Practice in front of a mirror before you are going to attend any appoinment.

Step 8

Learn to accept rejection or criticism politely. Thank the people for their time.You will be respect by others.

Tips & Warnings

• Catalog models don't always have to be 5-foot-7 or taller, but they have to be thin.
  
  
• Runway models are required to be at least 5-foot-9



• Teen or junior models must be 5-foot-6 and at least 12 years old, with youthful looks.



• Modeling is not always glamorous. Long days of castings, long trips on the road and rejection can be stressful.



• Speak with a reputable professional before deciding whether modeling is for you.



• Know your limits on style. If you don't want to do glamor work or are uncomfortable with something, speak up and do not let people push you past those limits. Also consider where you want your career to go in future.



• Modeling is a tough business. Try not to be discouraged by rejections. Even top models still get rejected for about 70% of everything they are doing.



• Almost all agencies will ask you to fill out a contract. Be sure to read through it thoroughly and make sure you know what every word means, even use a dictionary if you have to.Better know what you are signing for before you accept.

GOOD LUCK!!

POLITICS

• SWINE FLU(H1N1)
  Influenza A is respiration disease that always found in pig population,that comes from influenza viruses type A(H1N1) that had been mutations into new type viruses or created new strain.It always spread around pig population but was found in human body at 1988.According to Centres of Disease Control and Prevention United State or the short form CDC,the amount of H1N1 cases has been increases since December 2005 until February 2009 and all cases has founded at all U.S country.
  Since Mac 2009 until April 2009,more than 1000 H1N1 cases has been detected in Mexico and more than 80 deaths was related to influenza A viruses has been reported.At 26 April 2009 U.S Health Organisation announced that this dangerous flu viruses is public health emergency since 20 cases in all U.S has been detected.
  

• SIGN AND SYMPTOM
  

• Symptom of swine flu is nearly same as influenza.The symptoms are including fever,cough,sore throat,muscle pain,headache,and apathetic.Some of the patient also has diarrhea and vomiting.To diagnosis this symptom we have to highlight the latest history of the patient especially their journey history.More important if they have went to the affected countries like Mexico or all U.S countries.The diagnosis of swine flu confirmation must doing on the lab and take the sample of patient mucus.
  
  

• H1N1 viruses has believed have been seperated from one person to another trough the air by the droplet of affected person mucus.Swine flu easy to react with human in about five to ten days after first day infection.The suggestion medicine are amontadine,rimantadine,oseltamivir and zanamivir.However for this new viruses,the recomended medicine was only oseltamivir and zanamir.Vaccine for human flu seasoning cannot protect human from swine flu.
  

• The step to prevent from this viruses,the citizen was encourage to use mask and reported to the nearest clinic or hospital if have visited the countries that have affected of swine flu.

How To Communicate Effectively

What is communication means?

Is a process of transferring information from one entity to another. It usually is a two-way process in which there is an exchange and progression of thoughts,feelings or ideas towards a mutually accepted goal or direction.


There are some tips to us communicate effectively.

First of all, when communicate with someone, think before you speak. It is very important because when you speak to someone you don't have a backspace key to erase what you just said. Moreover, make eye contact when communicate can emphasizes sincerity and without sincerity your point wil not be received. Allow others to talk also can make communication runs effectively. It is because effective communication is a two-way process. It couldn't work if only one person talk and the rest do not. Last but not least, give people your full attention. Not everyone who communicates with you necessarily wants your response. For example, he or she, may be using you as a sounding board from which to develop a proposition in more detail. For this reason:

• ask questions instead of giving answers
• focus on what the other person is saying, not what you'll say next
• focus on what you can learn instead of what you can teach
• ask how you can help.

And finally...
One important point to conclude: The words 'information' and 'communication' are often used interchangeably, but they signify quite different things. Information is giving out; communication is getting through.

SHUFFLE DANCE

WHAT IS SHUFFLE DANCE???

-Shuffle dance is a type of dance without lifting the feet completely clear of the ground.

The shuffle dance was originally an Australian tribal dance, but recently teenagers have adapted it as a street dance.There are lots of shuffle competitions that are held either in a big stadium,on a street or usually in the city centres.

The main shuffle in Australia is called "The Melbourne Shuffle"The basis of the Melbourne Shuffle has traditionally been footwork performed by combining some basic steps.

Shuffling on spot is used for different reasons. A Shuffler using this step can conserve energy for a few moments prior to a change in beat and pattern of music. A Shuffler may step back and allow another dancer to take centre stage meanwhile shuffling on spot. Arm movements come into play more often while in this step as it allows the dancer to express a connection with the music as to the beat with the feet.

Shuffle in a triangular pattern is a very energetic step which can be performed with great flair.The modern shuffler usually performs around 5 different moves while shuffling:

The running man is the most popular move where the shuffler "runs" on the spot. One foot is lifted from standing position and placed in front while the other slides back, then the foot at the back is lifted up into the standing position while the forward foot slides into the standing position and the process is repeated to the beat.This is also known as the two-step technique.

Slides, where the shuffler normally slides left and right occasionally, the slide is usually and long "glide" along the dance floor and is mostly followed by a spin.

Spins can be normal or inverted. A normal spin meaning you lift one foot from standing position and use it to propel your body in a clockwise direction. An inverted spin is the opposite, where you lift one foot from standing position and use it to propel yourself in an anticlockwise direction. Both spins are common and are incorporated into the shuffle.Spin jumps also are quite popular amongst shufflers.

Kicks are done with one foot while the other is used to shuffle along to one side. Kicks can be low (kick at the ground) and high (kicking up to their waists). The point of kicking is to look balanced and controlled, so when kicking multiple times shufflers prefer not to bend their knees while their leg is in the air.

Dance moves from other styles such as mimeing, popping, locking, liquiding, running man and breaking can also be incorporated into shuffling.

Phats (like above picture) are the traditional Melbourne Shuffle dance pants.They were created by Melbourne's underground arts and fashion communities in the early 1990's, at the same time as the Shuffle was being created. Usually the one wearing the Phats was the one who made them. They were unique one of a kind designs, wearable art and collectable.Phats are instantly recognisable to others around the world, identifying the wearer is a proud shuffler.

DEMOGRAFIC(BIRTH RATE & DEADTH RATE)

POPULATION OF BIRTH RATES AND DEATH RATES

Factors affecting birth rate

•Existing age-sex
•Availability of family planning services structure
•Typical age of marriage
•Conflict

Factors affecting death rate

•Age of country’s population
•Nutrition levels
•Levels of infectious diseases

•Amount and quality of health care available
•Social factors such as conflicts and levels of violent crime

Death population

Birth rate

1 represent 1 represent 1000 population

Conclusion
•Based on the data that we explain above we can conclude that birth and death rates gradually increased years by years
•The population in Malaysia is stable because birth and death rates increasing equally.

Sabah's ethnic-The Murut

The Murut were the last of Sabah's ethnic groups to renounce headhunting. For us it sounds creepy,but for them, it was their spritual belief. For our extra information, in Murut culture, a man could only get married after he presented at least one head to the family of the desired girl. They live in communal longhouses. Majority of them now are fundamental Christianity,however they still maintain their culture. Traditional dress for men was a jacket made of tree bark, a red loincloth and a headdress. Women wore a black sleeveless blouse and sarong, which fell just below the knees. Like most of the other indigenous groups in Sabah, the Murut decorated their clothing with distinctive beadwork and also made belts out of old silver coins. Another belt made of reddish-brown glass beads plus yellow and blue beads was hung loosely around the waist. Ancient Chinese jars hold a prominent status in Murut customs. Jars are also a place of spirits, and larger jars were formerly used as coffins. Murut also used bamboo as a music, using bamboo to compose a songs. Some instrument of music like tangkung (Same like guitar but only have 2 string) was made from wood. Tangkung usually played when their leisure time.